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Juan Andrade Rodriguez (Madrid, February 3, 1898 – May 1, 1981) was a Spanish communist, journalist, politician and editor. == Biography == By profession, he was a government employee at the Ministry of Finance and began his political career in his teens upon joining at 14 the youth wing of the Radical Republican Party. After a few years, at the age of 16, he joined a group of socialist students and began his militancy in the Socialist Youth of Spain. In 1919, he took over the directorship of ''Renovacion'', the official weekly organ of the Socialist Youth of Spain. He was a known supporter of the Bolshevik Revolution and the Third International, and collaborated from 1917 with ''Nuestra Palabra'', a weekly pro-Communist journal. He was an active participant, since April 15, 1920, in the founding of the Spanish Communist Party, created by the Socialist Youth of Spain, of which he was elected a member of the Executive Committee and director of El Comunista. After merging with the Spanish Communist Workers' Party in 1921, which would create the Communist Party of Spain (PCE), Andrade was elected member of the Central Committee and director of the new party's weekly journal, ''La Antorcha''. He carried out these responsibilities until 1927. In that year, he was expelled from the PCE for allegedly supporting the ideas of the Left Opposition, which was under the charge of Leon Trotsky. From then he would be a driving force of the reorganization of the Spanish Trotskyists, with the foundation of the Communist Left of Spain in 1930. He ran the party's journal, ''Comunismo'', from 1931 to 1934, when it was suspended by the government after their defeat in the October Revolution of 1934. After the merging of the Communist Left with the Workers and Peasants' Bloc, which created the Workers' Party of Marxist Unification (POUM) in 1935, Andrade was elected member of the Central Committee and became one of the driving forces and main writers of ''La Batalla'', a journal run by Joaquin Maurin. Many founders of Spanish communism, including Maurin and the very own Andrade, met again at the POUM such as Andreu Nin, Julian Gorkin, Luis Portela and Daniel Rebull, among others. At the beginning of the Spanish Civil War in 1936, Andrade moved to Barcelona and joined the Executive Committee of the POUM. During this stage, marked by the social revolution, he founded the Editorial Marxista, and specialized in socialization and planned economy. After the Barcelona May Days in 1937 and the banning of the POUM, he was arrested in June 16, 1937, and remained in prison until the end of 1938, after being tried and convicted for taking part in the events. After the end of the conflict in 1939 and the defeat of the Republic, he was exiled in France. There, he was arrested again in 1940 by the Vichy regime and the Gestapo, and convicted for supporting the French Resistance against Nazism. In August 1944, he was freed by a French Resistance commando team led by the leader of the POUM, Wilebaldo Solano. He afterwards joined in Toulouse POUM reorganization activities. During his exile, he collaborated with ''La Batalla'' and other publications, and organized a Spanish service against Nazism in France. He went back to Spain in August 1978 and died in Madrid on May 1, 1981. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Juan Andrade」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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